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Can $99 Million Across 21 Projects Finally Unlock America’s Unlimited Geothermal Potential?

How $99 million in federal funding, advanced oilfield drilling, and subsurface AI are unlocking gigawatts of 24/7 clean baseload power beneath our feet.

•• 2 Min
Can $99 Million Across 21 Projects Finally Unlock America’s Unlimited Geothermal Potential?

Forget variable solar arrays and wind farms for a moment.

The most reliable clean energy generator on Earth might already be sitting right beneath our feet, waiting for someone with a tough enough drill bit to tap into it. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has officially selected 21 pioneering projects to share over $99 million in federal funding, launching a targeted effort to turn heat trapped miles underground into continuous, 24/7 domestic electricity.

Cracking the Code on Next-Generation Enhanced Geothermal Systems

While traditional geothermal plants rely on rare, naturally occurring hot springs, Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) create engineered reservoirs deep in hot, dry, impermeable rock. Five key projects in the new DOE cohort are conducting field-scale EGS tests under real-world, high-temperature conditions.

Among the high-profile awardees, Fervo Energy Company is heading to Elmore County, Idaho, to drill, complete, and stimulate EGS wells while deploying a high-temperature three-component geophone array engineered to operate at or above 200°C. Tim Latimer, CEO and Co-founder of Fervo Energy Company, noted that horizontal drilling can dramatically improve project economics by providing consistent fluid flow and massive surface area for heat exchange.

Simultaneously, Quaise Energy is taking aim at extreme conditions on the southern flank of Oregon's Newberry Volcano, targeting bottomhole temperatures between 265°C and 365°C. Carlos Araque, CEO and Co-founder of Quaise Energy, envisions scaling the site to gigawatt-scale production, while Matt Houde, Chief of Staff at Quaise Energy and Geothermal Rising Board Member, highlights how supercritical geothermal delivers maximum baseload reliability while occupying a fraction of the land required by surface renewables.

To the south, Zanskar Geothermal and Minerals is deploying AI-assisted directional drilling and horizontal injection at the Lightning Dock field in Hidalgo County, New Mexico. Carl Hoiland, CEO and Co-founder of Zanskar Geothermal and Minerals, emphasizes that combining machine learning models with advanced drilling unlocks terawatt-scale potential, a view echoed by CTO Joel Edwards, who points out that speed and cost efficiency are essential to winning the race for carbon-free firm power.

Rounding out the EGS field demonstrations, AlterG Resources is conducting comparative hydraulic stimulation programs using plug-and-perf and sliding sleeve completions across Pershing and Churchill Counties, Nevada. At the same time, researchers at the University of Utah are designing and validating a high-performance EGS doublet at Nevada’s Dixie Valley West field to demonstrate that engineered reservoirs constructed adjacent to existing hydrothermal systems can sustain commercial thermal output.

Mapping Subterranean Heat: 16 Exploration Frontiers

Beyond EGS validation, 16 additional projects are launching targeted exploration drilling campaigns to map and confirm previously under-explored geothermal reservoirs across North America.

In California's Imperial Valley, DAVINCI EP LLC is drilling paired horizontal confirmation wells in the Brawley Known Geothermal Resource Area to evaluate naturally fractured formations without hydraulic stimulation, while LiPower Geothermal, LLC is constructing production and reinjection wells in South Brawley to finalize a Definitive Feasibility Study. Further north, INTEK Inc is sinking two reservoir-depth wells into Pisgah Crater to determine power production feasibility.

The search for subsurface thermal anomalies extends into volcanic and rift structures across the West. GeoAlaska LLC is embarking on an exploratory drilling program on Mt. Augustine, a volcanic island in Alaska's lower Cook Inlet, targeting deep zones exceeding 350°C. In New Mexico, San Ildefonso Services LLC is drilling a pre-feasibility exploratory well on San Ildefonso Pueblo land along the Rio Grande Rift, while XGS Energy Inc. is executing a deep vertical appraisal campaign in Socorro County using continuous electronic drilling records.

The Western interior holds equal promise. In Utah, 400C Energy Inc. is re-entering and deepening an existing well in Beaver County to determine whether the Salt Cove area extends the Roosevelt Hot Springs system, while Raser Power Systems, LLC is probing fault intersections in the Escalante Desert to expand capacity at the Thermo No. 1 power plant. The University of Utah is also conducting targeted subsurface characterization of a large carbonate-hosted thermal anomaly at Cove Fort. In Oregon, Oriah Geothermal, LLC is deploying staged thermal-gradient drilling, while Hexagon Energy LLC is targeting temperatures above 150°C in Washington’s Wind River Valley.

Completing the exploration cohort, GreenFire Energy Inc. is siting a vertical well targeting 204°C at California's Sierra Army Depot, TLS Geothermics Corp is leveraging polycrystalline diamond compact bits in faulted Nevada rock, Invenergy Geothermal Development LLC is validating a hybrid hydrothermal-EGS concept in Grand View, Idaho, and Fervo Energy Company is executing a second appraisal project in Humboldt County, Nevada.

De-Risking Subsurface Capital for the Data Center Era

With power demand surging across the country due to artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and industrial expansion, energy developers and infrastructure funds are actively seeking firm, dispatchable power solutions. DOE Under Secretary of Energy Kyle Haustveit emphasized that advancing next-generation geothermal technologies will lower costs, bolster American energy security, and turn subterranean heat into affordable grid electricity.

Crucially, all geological, thermal, and logging data generated across these 21 projects will be made publicly available via the DOE’s Geothermal Data Repository (GDR). Industry observers note that public data-sharing helps absorb early-stage exploratory risk, attracting private debt and project finance. As Jason Scott, Partner at Spring Lane Capital, observed, the global appetite for firm clean energy is virtually endless, positioning next-generation geothermal as an immediate contender to fill the baseload void.

Sources

  • U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Press Release: "DOE Announces $99 Million for 21 Projects to Advance U.S. Geothermal Energy Development"
  • DOE Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy (EERE): Geothermal Technologies Office Project Selections & Geothermal Data Repository (GDR)
  • Corporate Statements & Executive Insights: Fervo Energy Company, Quaise Energy, Zanskar Geothermal and Minerals, and Spring Lane Capital

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